Here are the data structures with brief descriptions:

mbedtls_asn1_bitstring
mbedtls_asn1_buf
mbedtls_asn1_named_data
mbedtls_asn1_sequence
mbedtls_dtls_srtp_info_t
mbedtls_lmots_parameters_t
mbedtls_lmots_private_t
mbedtls_lmots_public_t
mbedtls_lms_parameters_t
mbedtls_lms_private_t
mbedtls_lms_public_t
mbedtls_md_context_t
mbedtls_net_context
mbedtls_pem_context	PEM context structure
mbedtls_pk_context	Public key container
mbedtls_pk_restart_ctx	Context for resuming operations
mbedtls_pkcs7
mbedtls_pkcs7_signed_data
mbedtls_pkcs7_signer_info
mbedtls_platform_context
mbedtls_psa_aead_operation_t
mbedtls_psa_cipher_operation_t
mbedtls_psa_export_public_key_iop_t
mbedtls_psa_external_random_context_t
mbedtls_psa_generate_key_iop_t
mbedtls_psa_hash_operation_t
mbedtls_psa_hmac_operation_t
mbedtls_psa_key_agreement_interruptible_operation_t
mbedtls_psa_mac_operation_t
mbedtls_psa_pake_operation_t
mbedtls_psa_sign_hash_interruptible_operation_t
mbedtls_psa_stats_s	Statistics about resource consumption related to the PSA keystore
mbedtls_psa_verify_hash_interruptible_operation_t
mbedtls_ssl_cache_context	Cache context
mbedtls_ssl_cache_entry	This structure is used for storing cache entries
mbedtls_ssl_ciphersuite_t	This structure is used for storing ciphersuite information
mbedtls_ssl_config
mbedtls_ssl_context
mbedtls_ssl_cookie_ctx	Context for the default cookie functions
mbedtls_ssl_premaster_secret
mbedtls_ssl_session
mbedtls_ssl_ticket_context	Context for session ticket handling functions
mbedtls_ssl_ticket_key	Information for session ticket protection
mbedtls_ssl_tls13_application_secrets
mbedtls_ssl_user_data_t
mbedtls_svc_key_id_t
mbedtls_threading_condition_variable_t
mbedtls_threading_mutex_t
mbedtls_timing_delay_context
mbedtls_timing_hr_time
mbedtls_x509_authority
mbedtls_x509_crl
mbedtls_x509_crl_entry
mbedtls_x509_crt
mbedtls_x509_crt_profile
mbedtls_x509_crt_restart_ctx	Context for resuming X.509 verify operations
mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_chain
mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_chain_item
mbedtls_x509_csr
mbedtls_x509_san_list
mbedtls_x509_san_other_name
mbedtls_x509_subject_alternative_name
mbedtls_x509_time
mbedtls_x509write_cert
mbedtls_x509write_csr
psa_aead_operation_s
psa_cipher_operation_s
psa_crypto_driver_pake_inputs_s
psa_custom_key_parameters_s
psa_driver_aead_context_t
psa_driver_cipher_context_t
psa_driver_hash_context_t
psa_driver_key_derivation_context_t
psa_driver_mac_context_t
psa_driver_pake_context_t
psa_driver_sign_hash_interruptible_context_t
psa_driver_verify_hash_interruptible_context_t
psa_export_public_key_iop_s	The context for PSA interruptible export public-key
psa_generate_key_iop_s	The context for PSA interruptible key generation
psa_hash_operation_s
psa_hkdf_key_derivation_t
psa_jpake_computation_stage_s
psa_key_agreement_iop_s	The context for PSA interruptible key agreement
psa_key_attributes_s
psa_key_derivation_s
psa_key_policy_s
psa_mac_operation_s
psa_pake_cipher_suite_s
psa_pake_operation_s
psa_pbkdf2_key_derivation_t
psa_sign_hash_interruptible_operation_s	The context for PSA interruptible hash signing
psa_tls12_ecjpake_to_pms_t
psa_tls12_prf_key_derivation_s
psa_verify_hash_interruptible_operation_s	The context for PSA interruptible hash verification