mbed TLS v3.1.0
Macros | Functions
gcm.h File Reference

This file contains GCM definitions and functions. More...

#include "mbedtls/private_access.h"
#include "mbedtls/build_info.h"
#include "mbedtls/cipher.h"
#include <stdint.h>
#include "gcm_alt.h"
Include dependency graph for gcm.h:
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Go to the source code of this file.

Macros

#define MBEDTLS_GCM_ENCRYPT   1
 
#define MBEDTLS_GCM_DECRYPT   0
 
#define MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_AUTH_FAILED   -0x0012
 
#define MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BAD_INPUT   -0x0014
 
#define MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL   -0x0016
 

Functions

void mbedtls_gcm_init (mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx)
 This function initializes the specified GCM context, to make references valid, and prepares the context for mbedtls_gcm_setkey() or mbedtls_gcm_free(). More...
 
int mbedtls_gcm_setkey (mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx, mbedtls_cipher_id_t cipher, const unsigned char *key, unsigned int keybits)
 This function associates a GCM context with a cipher algorithm and a key. More...
 
int mbedtls_gcm_crypt_and_tag (mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx, int mode, size_t length, const unsigned char *iv, size_t iv_len, const unsigned char *add, size_t add_len, const unsigned char *input, unsigned char *output, size_t tag_len, unsigned char *tag)
 This function performs GCM encryption or decryption of a buffer. More...
 
int mbedtls_gcm_auth_decrypt (mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx, size_t length, const unsigned char *iv, size_t iv_len, const unsigned char *add, size_t add_len, const unsigned char *tag, size_t tag_len, const unsigned char *input, unsigned char *output)
 This function performs a GCM authenticated decryption of a buffer. More...
 
int mbedtls_gcm_starts (mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx, int mode, const unsigned char *iv, size_t iv_len)
 This function starts a GCM encryption or decryption operation. More...
 
int mbedtls_gcm_update_ad (mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx, const unsigned char *add, size_t add_len)
 This function feeds an input buffer as associated data (authenticated but not encrypted data) in a GCM encryption or decryption operation. More...
 
int mbedtls_gcm_update (mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx, const unsigned char *input, size_t input_length, unsigned char *output, size_t output_size, size_t *output_length)
 This function feeds an input buffer into an ongoing GCM encryption or decryption operation. More...
 
int mbedtls_gcm_finish (mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx, unsigned char *output, size_t output_size, size_t *output_length, unsigned char *tag, size_t tag_len)
 This function finishes the GCM operation and generates the authentication tag. More...
 
void mbedtls_gcm_free (mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx)
 This function clears a GCM context and the underlying cipher sub-context. More...
 
int mbedtls_gcm_self_test (int verbose)
 The GCM checkup routine. More...
 

Detailed Description

This file contains GCM definitions and functions.

The Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) for 128-bit block ciphers is defined in D. McGrew, J. Viega, The Galois/Counter Mode of Operation (GCM), Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.

For more information on GCM, see NIST SP 800-38D: Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) and GMAC.

Definition in file gcm.h.

Macro Definition Documentation

#define MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_AUTH_FAILED   -0x0012

Authenticated decryption failed.

Definition at line 45 of file gcm.h.

#define MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BAD_INPUT   -0x0014

Bad input parameters to function.

Definition at line 47 of file gcm.h.

#define MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL   -0x0016

An output buffer is too small.

Definition at line 49 of file gcm.h.

#define MBEDTLS_GCM_DECRYPT   0

Definition at line 42 of file gcm.h.

#define MBEDTLS_GCM_ENCRYPT   1

Definition at line 41 of file gcm.h.

Function Documentation

int mbedtls_gcm_auth_decrypt ( mbedtls_gcm_context *  ctx,
size_t  length,
const unsigned char *  iv,
size_t  iv_len,
const unsigned char *  add,
size_t  add_len,
const unsigned char *  tag,
size_t  tag_len,
const unsigned char *  input,
unsigned char *  output 
)

This function performs a GCM authenticated decryption of a buffer.

Note
For decryption, the output buffer cannot be the same as input buffer. If the buffers overlap, the output buffer must trail at least 8 Bytes behind the input buffer.
Parameters
ctxThe GCM context. This must be initialized.
lengthThe length of the ciphertext to decrypt, which is also the length of the decrypted plaintext.
ivThe initialization vector. This must be a readable buffer of at least iv_len Bytes.
iv_lenThe length of the IV.
addThe buffer holding the additional data. This must be of at least that size in Bytes.
add_lenThe length of the additional data.
tagThe buffer holding the tag to verify. This must be a readable buffer of at least tag_len Bytes.
tag_lenThe length of the tag to verify.
inputThe buffer holding the ciphertext. If length is greater than zero, this must be a readable buffer of at least that size.
outputThe buffer for holding the decrypted plaintext. If length is greater than zero, this must be a writable buffer of at least that size.
Returns
0 if successful and authenticated.
MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_AUTH_FAILED if the tag does not match.
MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BAD_INPUT if the lengths or pointers are not valid or a cipher-specific error code if the decryption failed.
int mbedtls_gcm_crypt_and_tag ( mbedtls_gcm_context *  ctx,
int  mode,
size_t  length,
const unsigned char *  iv,
size_t  iv_len,
const unsigned char *  add,
size_t  add_len,
const unsigned char *  input,
unsigned char *  output,
size_t  tag_len,
unsigned char *  tag 
)

This function performs GCM encryption or decryption of a buffer.

Note
For encryption, the output buffer can be the same as the input buffer. For decryption, the output buffer cannot be the same as input buffer. If the buffers overlap, the output buffer must trail at least 8 Bytes behind the input buffer.
Warning
When this function performs a decryption, it outputs the authentication tag and does not verify that the data is authentic. You should use this function to perform encryption only. For decryption, use mbedtls_gcm_auth_decrypt() instead.
Parameters
ctxThe GCM context to use for encryption or decryption. This must be initialized.
modeThe operation to perform:
  • MBEDTLS_GCM_ENCRYPT to perform authenticated encryption. The ciphertext is written to output and the authentication tag is written to tag.
  • MBEDTLS_GCM_DECRYPT to perform decryption. The plaintext is written to output and the authentication tag is written to tag. Note that this mode is not recommended, because it does not verify the authenticity of the data. For this reason, you should use mbedtls_gcm_auth_decrypt() instead of calling this function in decryption mode.
lengthThe length of the input data, which is equal to the length of the output data.
ivThe initialization vector. This must be a readable buffer of at least iv_len Bytes.
iv_lenThe length of the IV.
addThe buffer holding the additional data. This must be of at least that size in Bytes.
add_lenThe length of the additional data.
inputThe buffer holding the input data. If length is greater than zero, this must be a readable buffer of at least that size in Bytes.
outputThe buffer for holding the output data. If length is greater than zero, this must be a writable buffer of at least that size in Bytes.
tag_lenThe length of the tag to generate.
tagThe buffer for holding the tag. This must be a writable buffer of at least tag_len Bytes.
Returns
0 if the encryption or decryption was performed successfully. Note that in MBEDTLS_GCM_DECRYPT mode, this does not indicate that the data is authentic.
MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BAD_INPUT if the lengths or pointers are not valid or a cipher-specific error code if the encryption or decryption failed.
int mbedtls_gcm_finish ( mbedtls_gcm_context *  ctx,
unsigned char *  output,
size_t  output_size,
size_t *  output_length,
unsigned char *  tag,
size_t  tag_len 
)

This function finishes the GCM operation and generates the authentication tag.

It wraps up the GCM stream, and generates the tag. The tag can have a maximum length of 16 Bytes.

Parameters
ctxThe GCM context. This must be initialized.
tagThe buffer for holding the tag. This must be a writable buffer of at least tag_len Bytes.
tag_lenThe length of the tag to generate. This must be at least four.
outputThe buffer for the final output. If output_size is nonzero, this must be a writable buffer of at least output_size bytes.
output_sizeThe size of the output buffer in bytes. This must be large enough for the output that mbedtls_gcm_update() has not produced. In particular:
  • If mbedtls_gcm_update() produces immediate output, or if the total input size is a multiple of 16, then mbedtls_gcm_finish() never produces any output, so output_size can be 0.
  • output_size never needs to be more than 15.
output_lengthOn success, *output_length contains the actual length of the output written in output. On failure, the content of *output_length is unspecified.
Returns
0 on success.
MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BAD_INPUT on failure: invalid value of tag_len, or output_size too small.
void mbedtls_gcm_free ( mbedtls_gcm_context *  ctx)

This function clears a GCM context and the underlying cipher sub-context.

Parameters
ctxThe GCM context to clear. If this is NULL, the call has no effect. Otherwise, this must be initialized.
void mbedtls_gcm_init ( mbedtls_gcm_context *  ctx)

This function initializes the specified GCM context, to make references valid, and prepares the context for mbedtls_gcm_setkey() or mbedtls_gcm_free().

The function does not bind the GCM context to a particular cipher, nor set the key. For this purpose, use mbedtls_gcm_setkey().

Parameters
ctxThe GCM context to initialize. This must not be NULL.
int mbedtls_gcm_self_test ( int  verbose)

The GCM checkup routine.

Returns
0 on success.
1 on failure.
int mbedtls_gcm_setkey ( mbedtls_gcm_context *  ctx,
mbedtls_cipher_id_t  cipher,
const unsigned char *  key,
unsigned int  keybits 
)

This function associates a GCM context with a cipher algorithm and a key.

Parameters
ctxThe GCM context. This must be initialized.
cipherThe 128-bit block cipher to use.
keyThe encryption key. This must be a readable buffer of at least keybits bits.
keybitsThe key size in bits. Valid options are:
  • 128 bits
  • 192 bits
  • 256 bits
Returns
0 on success.
A cipher-specific error code on failure.
int mbedtls_gcm_starts ( mbedtls_gcm_context *  ctx,
int  mode,
const unsigned char *  iv,
size_t  iv_len 
)

This function starts a GCM encryption or decryption operation.

Parameters
ctxThe GCM context. This must be initialized.
modeThe operation to perform: MBEDTLS_GCM_ENCRYPT or MBEDTLS_GCM_DECRYPT.
ivThe initialization vector. This must be a readable buffer of at least iv_len Bytes.
iv_lenThe length of the IV.
Returns
0 on success.
int mbedtls_gcm_update ( mbedtls_gcm_context *  ctx,
const unsigned char *  input,
size_t  input_length,
unsigned char *  output,
size_t  output_size,
size_t *  output_length 
)

This function feeds an input buffer into an ongoing GCM encryption or decryption operation.

You may call this function zero, one or more times to pass successive parts of the input: the plaintext to encrypt, or the ciphertext (not including the tag) to decrypt. After the last part of the input, call mbedtls_gcm_finish().

This function may produce output in one of the following ways:

  • Immediate output: the output length is always equal to the input length.
  • Buffered output: the output consists of a whole number of 16-byte blocks. If the total input length so far (not including associated data) is 16 * B + A with A < 16 then the total output length is 16 * B.

In particular:

  • It is always correct to call this function with output_size >= input_length + 15.
  • If input_length is a multiple of 16 for all the calls to this function during an operation, then it is correct to use output_size = input_length.
Note
For decryption, the output buffer cannot be the same as input buffer. If the buffers overlap, the output buffer must trail at least 8 Bytes behind the input buffer.
Parameters
ctxThe GCM context. This must be initialized.
inputThe buffer holding the input data. If input_length is greater than zero, this must be a readable buffer of at least input_length bytes.
input_lengthThe length of the input data in bytes.
outputThe buffer for the output data. If output_size is greater than zero, this must be a writable buffer of of at least output_size bytes.
output_sizeThe size of the output buffer in bytes. See the function description regarding the output size.
output_lengthOn success, *output_length contains the actual length of the output written in output. On failure, the content of *output_length is unspecified.
Returns
0 on success.
MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BAD_INPUT on failure: total input length too long, unsupported input/output buffer overlap detected, or output_size too small.
int mbedtls_gcm_update_ad ( mbedtls_gcm_context *  ctx,
const unsigned char *  add,
size_t  add_len 
)

This function feeds an input buffer as associated data (authenticated but not encrypted data) in a GCM encryption or decryption operation.

Call this function after mbedtls_gcm_starts() to pass the associated data. If the associated data is empty, you do not need to call this function. You may not call this function after calling mbedtls_cipher_update().

Parameters
ctxThe GCM context. This must have been started with mbedtls_gcm_starts() and must not have yet received any input with mbedtls_gcm_update().
addThe buffer holding the additional data, or NULL if add_len is 0.
add_lenThe length of the additional data. If 0, add may be NULL.
Returns
0 on success.